Assessment 3 – Report

This blog page provides support material for submitting Assignment 3: https://www.mediafactory.org.au/stephanie-george/

 

Assignment 3 – Report
Name: Stephanie George – s3724104

I declare that in submitting all work for this assessment I have read, understood and agree to the content and expectations of the assessment declaration – https://www.rmit.edu.au/students/support-and-facilities/student-support/equitable-learning-services

Making Media Blog Links

Week 9 – Instagram photo
Week 9 – Instagram video
Week 10 – Instagram photo
Week 10 – Instagram video
Week 11 – Instagram photo
Week 11 – Instagram video

 

How do the affordances of Instagram affect the way photos and videos are authored, published and distributed in the network?

 

Title of report: How Instagram can establish your online identity

Introduction:

By focusing on the Instagram application for much of this course, I am able to see that Instagram has many affordances and constraints that a user comes in contact with. Owning an Instagram (specifically for showcasing doors) allowed us to create content through the app and deepen our understanding of Instagram. The start of this course helped us to understand exactly what ‘affordances’ and ‘constraints’ are as we thoroughly explored these concepts through D.Norman’s ‘The Design of Everyday Things’ and W.Gavers ‘Technology Affordances’.

Social media for me started with Myspace in my last year of primary school. A space where I fiddled with html codes to create a page on the internet and share photo albums (these albums often taking what seemed hours to upload). Myspace is now dead and I don’t see it coming back into action any time soon. Instagram on the other hand, has seemed to cater to its audience almost perfectly and is something that is constantly improving. I have been sharing moments from my personal life on Instagram since 2012. Instagram allows its users to easily author, publish and distribute images and videos on a network or furthermore, our own unique network. My report focuses on how the affordances and limitations of Instagram help to create an online identity.

Background:

Week 1 in the course lead us to ‘Blogs in Media Communication’ by Adrian Miles. We learned that although blogging and Instagram are different – they also share similarities. Blogging (including blogging via Instagram) involves users contributing to a community. In my week 2 blog post, I mention how the “media we consume is progressing into something more personable”. During the following weeks, I then started thinking about how the media we author and publish actually shapes out “online persona” and creates a community for us. (Miles, 2006 p69). In order to explore this further, it was imperative that I understood the ins and outs of the prompt. In his book, Norman says that affordances are “the perceived and actual properties of the thing, mainly those fundamental properties that determine how the thing could possibly be used” (Norman, 1998, page 9). Along with affordances come ‘constraints’ – that can be “physical, logical and cultural” (1998, pg9). When I think about Instagram and what it allows me and other users to do – I think about its features such as video time limits, capturing a photo in a square format, image filters and the ability to share it to other platforms via the app itself. A benefit of Instagram is its simplicity and I believe that it is because of this that could be seen as the leading application and network contributor.

 

 Evidence/What?: 

I investigated the prompt by referring to the set readings, class discussions and my own further research. This helped me create content for my Instagram account, ‘Steph Snaps Doors’.

Authoring

In my week 1 blog post – I spoke about my previous experience with blogging and social media, and how it can be used to share moments with friends. As Zylinkska says, “we are all photographers now” (Zylinkska,2016). The Instagram camera feature allows anyone to capture images or videos as long as they know the basic features of their smartphone. Even image editing and enhancement can be performed through the app – which is something that once was only able to be done through more complex programs such as photoshop. Instagram was originally designed solely for images that were to be uploaded at that exact time. However, as the app developed since it was released in 2010, it allows users to share content that has previously been taken (perhaps not on a smartphone camera). Thus, drastically changing the way the content is authored. Staying within the assessment guidelines, I discovered that whilst having a camera within the Instagram app is an affordance – it is also a limitation. The quality of the image is far less on my Instagram compared to one such as Chris Burkard – who I reviewed here. Starting out as strictly a image sharing app, Instagram slowly introduced video into its platform. The length of videos being able to be uploaded as gradually extended – however these videos are short compared to video sharing sites such as YouTube.

Publishing

Although creating captions may be seen as part of the authoring process – I found myself doing this in the publishing stage. This semester has shown me how the affordances of Instagram specifically can be a tool for both individual brand creation and businesses. The use of hashtags became important in my own posts. My first post had 1 or 2 hashtags and gained little traction from Instagram. However – when I added hashtags relating to all aspects of the post (such as #Melbourne #architecture) – I gained more “likes”. Although I had previously understood the use of hashtags – I had never really used them in my own posts with the intention of widening my audience. The time of publishing a post is something that I have been aware of in the past and therefore I applied this to my door focused Instagram. Unfortunately – this did nothing to my following (which still remains at 0). I do see however that hashtags can contribute to your own Instagram identity and if unique enough – can furthermore help define your brand.

Distribution

The main way I distributed my content was through the use of hashtags on Instagram. Users who search for ‘doors’ on the Instagram explore feature may have come across my door or perhaps if they have searched for a particular location. The ability for users to find such niche content is an affordance of Instagram and very beneficial for both those generating and in search of content. A limitation of using hashtags, however, is that they appear in ‘recent’ (chronological order) or ‘top’ (popular). So if someone is searching for something that is quite popular, such as #beach – they may have to scroll through 225 million photos to find what they are looking for. Instagram also offers its users to distribute content onto external social platforms such as Twitter or Facebook.

Evaluation

Looking back at Web 2.0 and the social media platforms that have stemmed from this – it is clear that Instagram is the most successful. They have found a simple way for users to share moments and content for various intentions – whether that be personal or professional.

Conclusion: 

The affordances of Instagram are constantly changing, allowing more content to be authored, published and distributed. Instagram still favors images over video, with top quality images being able to be uploaded and rarely any limitations. There are still limitations with regards to video upload. Not only does the authoring of Instagram images construct personal identity, but the publishing and distribution also strengthen this.

 

References: 

Gaver, B 1991, ‘Technology Affordances’Proceeding CHI ’91 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp 79-84.

 

Kamila K & Zylinska J, editors. Photomediations: An Introduction by Joanna Zylinkska. Open Humanities Press, 2016, viewed 2 February 2018, http://www.openhumanitiespress.org/books/ titles/photomediations/, pp.7-16.

 

Miles, Adrian. “Blogs in Media Education: A Beginning.” Australian Screen Ed 41 (2006): 66–9. Print. [Accessed 17 Oct. 2018]

 

Norman, D 1998, The design of everyday things, Basic Book, New York (Sections: Preface vii-xv; Chapter one 1-13; Chapter 4 (constraints) 81-87; (computers) 177-186).

 

 

Week 11 – Photo

https://www.instagram.com/p/ByHDjlmhomb/

How did you author the photo or video you recorded for upload to Instagram?

I took this photo using my iPhone rear view camera. 

How did you publish your picture you captured for upload to Instagram? 

I used a short but sweet caption to farewell my Instagram.

\How did you distribute (the photo or video) you published on Instagram to other social media services?

I distributed this image through Instagram hashtags. I also shared this to my personal Facebook page.

Week 11 – Video

https://www.instagram.com/p/ByHDbfXhRH9/

How did you author the photo or video you recorded for upload to Instagram?

I asked my friend to take this video of me at work. It was the first time that I had allowed the audio to be published as well. She used my iPhone to record the video and used the rear facing camera. I asked her what to do (when to press record) as I had a vision of what I wanted. The video only taken is in 1 recording. 

How did you publish your picture you captured for upload to Instagram? 

I published this video on my Instagram account. I chose this video out of a few that were taken on the day. I addressed the audience in this by annoucing my retirement from Steph Snaps Doors. I did not add the location of the video as I was at work and didn’t want my boss to fire me 🙂 🙂 🙂 

How did you distribute (the photo or video) you published on Instagram to other social media services?

The only way I distributed this image was through Instagram hashtags.

Week 10 – Photo

https://www.instagram.com/p/Bx_7DBjhVvp/

How did you author the photo or video you recorded for upload to Instagram?

I took this photo as I was exiting a classroom in building 13 at RMIT. I used the rear facing camera in the Instagram app and also used a filter. The filters in the Instagram app aren’t very appealing – not compared to external editing apps available in the app store. Also just touching on the constraints, as the door was a rectangle, the square constraint really didn’t complement the image…

How did you publish your picture you captured for upload to Instagram? 

I added the location of RMIT after uploading the image. I don’t think this was smart as because this is such a popular location – it wouldn’t have appear at the start of the feed. Next time, I will add it at the start. I kept the caption quite simple to complement the simplicity of the image itself.

How did you distribute (the photo or video) you published on Instagram to other social media services?

The only way I distributed this image was through Instagram hashtags.

Week 10 – Image

https://www.instagram.com/p/Bx9xwqsB4Se/

How did you author the photo or video you recorded for upload to Instagram?

I took this photo with my rear facing iPhone camera. The lighting was perfect already in my eyes so there was no need for a filter or to adjust any of the other features such as brightness or saturation. I chose to take a ‘unique’ path and captured a less obvious door (a garage door) to hopefully get a humorous response from my following.

How did you publish your picture you captured for upload to Instagram? 

I published this image to my Instagram account. In addition to this – I also added a story – saying ‘NEW POST’ to gain some more exposure.

How did you distribute (the photo or video) you published on Instagram to other social media services?

I used various hashtags to help distribute my image through the Instagram network. For some reason, this image gained more likes that previous images. I think it was the #f45 hashtag…

Week 9 – Video

https://www.instagram.com/p/Bx0-2rZBPb7/

How did you author the photo or video you recorded for upload to Instagram?

I used the application ‘boomerang’ to capture this video using my rear facing camera on my iPhone. It’s similar to gifs – as the video plays a loop of the same short video to create 1 larger video. I took the video with little care as I wanted it to seem like I was in a rush at work… Not sure if this worked out?

How did you publish the video you recorded for upload to Instagram? 

I published this video onto my Instagram account after thinking of a caption and appropriate hashtags.

How did you distribute (the photo or video) you published on Instagram to other social media services?

Using the #yarravalley hashtags helped to distribute this video throughout Instagram. I also shared this video on my private Facebook account to potentially increase my audience.

 

 

 

 

Week 9

I have 3 Instagram accounts. One for myself, a spam (where I post awful photos of myself) and one for work. But hey – here I go creating yet ANOTHER Instagram.

This task gets us capturing and documenting doors. Kind of weird and not sure how much traction we are all going to get from this. However, at least I’ll get to strengthen my understanding of affordances… Right? I’ve taken a personal approach with this Instagram, naming it ‘Steph’s Doors’. Basically, these are the doors that I come in contact with most days and are paired with a caption explaining the ways I interact with this door. Very “personal”.

https://www.instagram.com/p/BxtlVNsBa09/

 

HOW DID YOU AUTHOR (THE PHOTO OR VIDEO) YOU RECORDED FOR UPLOAD TO INSTAGRAM?

I used an iPhone 8 to capture my first door – which is the carousel type door leading into building 8. I come in contact with this door twice a week when coming into uni. I don’t remember the last time that I used the camera via the Instagram app. I usually use my normal camera and take a thousand pics before choosing the final photo. I’m definitely not a fan of the square  Staying true to the assessment guidelines, I also used the Instagram app to edit the photo. For my own personal Instagram – I use different filters and apps to edit my photos as I feel the Instagram filters are quite bland.

How did you publish the video you recorded for upload to Instagram? 

My caption was brief and has an emoji. I included hashtags related to this subject and architecture.

How did you distribute (the photo or video) you published on Instagram to other social media services?

I also entered in the location (geotag) of the photo so that people who are interested in RMIT will see it! The hashtags I used will also help to distribute my photo through Instagram.

Review – Assessment 2

 

Review – Assessment task 2

Stephanie George s3724104

I declare that in submitting all work for this assessment I have read, understood and agree to the content and expectations of the assessment declaration – https://www.rmit.edu.au/students/support-and-facilities/student-support/equitable-learning-services

Blog post 5

Blog post 6

Blog post 7

Blog post 8

 

Provide a definition for ‘analogue photography’

The term ‘Analogue Photography’ refers to photography that has been captured by an analogue camera and film. Film is loaded into a camera and is exposed to light which interacts with the chemicals in the film, producing a latent image. This latent image is then developed. “In analogue photography a picture was formed through transcription” (Wells, 2015).

Martin Lister defines ‘analogue’ as the following:

“…processes in which one set of physical properties can be stored in another ‘analogous’ physical form. The latter is then subjected to technological and cultural coding that allows the original properties to be, as it were, reconstituted for the audience”.

  1. Provide a definition for ‘analogue video’.

Video refers to a medium that captures both sound and visual data in a moving image. The term ‘Analogue Video’ refers to the way that the input data and the coded media product stand in an analogous relation to one another (Lister, 2009). Analogue Video involves video being produced via electronic waveforms that represent both sound and visuals. These electronic waveforms are of “differing lengths and intensities” that are encoded as transmission signals (Lister, 2009).

 

  1. Provide a definition for ‘networked photography’.

Networked photography involves both the taking of photos and the distribution of these photos online through “mass communication platforms” (Palmer 2014, p.246). Networked photos are quite often taken on smartphones and can be shared online instantly. In addition to this, networked photos can be edited on smartphones – reducing the barriers for publishing and distribution.

 

  1. Provide a definition for ‘networked video’.

Networked video often involves the authoring, publishing, and distribution of videos on platforms such as YouTube, Vimeo or Instagram. A popular form of networked video is ‘videoblogging’ or ‘vlogging’. These styles of networked video are becoming increasingly popular with amateur – as they don’t require any formal or extensive knowledge. Publishing to Instagram or YouTube is an easy task – allowing anyone to share videos via social media. Networked videos are also able to be viewed anywhere and at any time (if viewed on a smartphone and connected to the internet of course).

 

 

 

 

  1. Provide definitions for the terms ‘authoring’, ‘publishing’ and ‘distributing’.

 

Authoring

Authoring refers to how an image or video was taken or recorded. It also accounts for how this material has then been edited or formatted prior to publication. For example – a photographer may use a digital camera to shoot an animal, upload this to their smartphone and edit the image using Instagram or another application to enhance the colours – prior to uploading. Authoring on networked images requires less knowledge of photography and how cameras actually work in comparison to analogue images.

Publishing

Publishing refers to what medium the photo or video was published on. For analogue media, this could be in a print form such as in a magazine or book. Networked photos or videos are often published on social media.

Distributing

Distributing refers to how the photo or video travels to other people. On social media, this is often done through the use of hashtags or reposting. Networked photos or images may also be ‘sponsored’ – leading to this content reaching a larger audience.  

  1. What differences and similarities did you discover between the way analogue and networked photos are authored, published and distributed?

Analogue photography requires a deeper understanding of how a camera actually works whereas networked photos can be taken off a smartphone. French Photographer, Henri Cartier-Bresson’s favourite camera was a 35 mm Lucia. He claimed that this was because of the cameras fast shutter speed and compact size. Networked photos that have been produced by a mobile phone – need not to worry about shutter speeds or other aspects of the camera. This is all automatic and photos are taken at the touch of a button. Analogue photography does not allow for editing like digital photography. With regards to publishing and distributing photos, there are definite differences. The publishing and distribution of analogue photography came with more time and thought. The only way that analogue photography was published. – was via print in newspaper and magazines.

Networked photography itself is now ubiquitous. Any moment can be shared instantly and due to increased affordability of computers and networks – “we are all photographers now” (Zylinkska,2016). The distribution of networked images is far broader than that of analogue photography – this is due to a difference in audiences (Rubinstein and Sluis, 2008). Analogue photography offers no other interaction other than simply looking (when being in print) whilst networked images offer the opportunity for users to share and comment. Photographers who have a large Instagram following and reach often have unique hashtags to further distribute their work – as other users often ‘repost’ images to their own accounts whilst using a hashtag to give credit to original owners.

  1. What differences and similarities did you discover between the way analogue and networked videos are authored, published and distributed?

There are similarities and differences between analogue and networked video. Again, authoring analogue videos require a high-skill set compared to authoring networked videos. Networked videos can be taken via smartphones or more professional cameras such as DSLR, making authoring videos more affordable than analogue videos.

Due to the nature of analogue video, they are distributed by physical copies and published in galleries and museums. As for networked videos, we find them on social media or video sharing platforms such as Youtube or Vimeo. These platforms are quite often free or of a low cost. As analogue video is often distributed in cinemas, they can be assumed this is expensive.

(1000 words)

References:

Kamila K & Zylinska J, editors. Photomediations: An Introduction by Joanna Zylinkska. Open Humanities Press, 2016, viewed 2 February 2018, http://www.openhumanitiespress.org/books/ titles/photomediations/, pp.7-16.

Lister, M et al 2009, ‘New Media: A Critical Introduction.’ Routledge, New York, pp. 16-21

 

Palmer, D 2014, “Mobile Media Photography”, The Routledge Companion to Mobile Media, pp.245-255.

 

 

Rubinstein, D. and Sluis, K. (2008). A LIFE MORE PHOTOGRAPHIC. Photographies, 1(1), pp.9-28.

 

Week 8

Who is the practitioner (what is their name?) and when were they practicing? 

Emma Chamberlain is a teen YouTuber with (currently) 7.6 million subscribers. She also has an Instagram following of 7.4 million. Emma started creating amateur videos and uploading them to YouTube just over a year ago (yes that’s correct, only a year ago..)

As mentioned in her vlogs, Emma started YouTube as a hobby after leaving school due to depression and anxiety.

What is the title of the photo or video you have chosen to analyse (can you provide a link?)

I’m a big Emma Chamberlain fan. After a careful selection… I’ve chosen this video to analyse.

I think Emma is so popular because of her personality and relatability. Although clearly living a different life from the average teenager – Emma doesn’t flaunt her lavish lifestyle to her young following.

With the photo or video you are examining when was it produced (date)?

This video was produced on the 20th of July, 2018.

How was the photo or video authored?

Emma uses a digital camera (DLSR) and her iPhone (with a rear-facing camera) to capture her footage. She also uses a relatively easy editing program to edit her videos – featuring amateur transitions and sound clips to enhance her video and make it more personable.

How was the photo or video published and distributed?

Emma published her video on her own YouTube. Emma also went to her own Instagram to self promote her new video and used a ‘swipe up’ feature on her Instagram story to create a wider audience.

 

Week 7

Who is the practitioner (what is their name?) and when were they practicing?

Chris Burkard is an accomplished photographer from California. Burkard started photography when he was 19 years old before he started to shoot professionally. He is an avid explorer and adventurer – which is shown in much of his work. With a wealth of travel behind him, Burkard specialises in ‘untamed, powerful landscapes

What is the title of the photo you have chosen to analyse (can you provide a link?)

The photo I have chosen has no title as I found it on Instagram. You can view it here

https://www.instagram.com/p/BuB2TK8lWGk/

https://www.instagram.com/p/BuB2TK8lWGk/

With the photo or video you are examining when was it produced (date)?

The photo was published on the 19th of February 2019 however no exact date has mentioned about when the actual photo was taken.

Shadow play in the ice feature known as the ‘Maze’ atop New Zealand’s dwindling Tasman glacier. This trip wasn’t really about the photographs, but it sure does help me remember the experience

How was the photo authored and published?

Chris Burkard mentions on his website that he uses a variety of cameras (too many to list here). The photo I have chosen to look at was most likely taken with a professional camera and edited using a computer software (instead of an application on a mobile). The image however would have been uploaded to Instagram via a smart phone.

How was the photo distributed?

Like many of Burkard’s photos, this image is available to anyone via Instagram. It is also available to view and print via his website.